He aha ka wai polymer?

He aha ka polymer?
Polymershe mau pūhui i hana ʻia me nā molekole i hui pū ʻia i nā kaulahao. He lōʻihi kēia mau kaulahao a hiki ke hana hou ʻia e hoʻonui i ka nui o ke ʻano mole. Ua kapa ʻia nā molekala pākahi i loko o ke kaulahao he monomers, a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia a hoʻololi ʻia ke kaulahao i mea e loaʻa ai nā waiwai a me nā waiwai.
ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā pālolo hoʻohālike multi-purpose he noi ia i hoʻololi ʻia i nā hale molekala polymer. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e nānā mākou i nā polymers i ka ʻoihana,ʻoi aku ka mālama wai polymer.

Pehea e hoʻohana ʻia ai nā polymers i ka mālama wai?
He mea maikaʻi loa nā polymers i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino. Ma ke ʻano kumu, ʻo ke kuleana o kēia mau kaulahao molekala ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka ʻāpana paʻa o ka wai ʻino mai kāna ʻāpana wai. Ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ka wai ʻino, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kaʻina hana ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka paʻa a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, e waiho ana i ka wai maʻemaʻe i hiki ke hoʻolei ʻia me ka palekana a i ʻole no nā noi ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
Ma kēia manaʻo, ʻo ka polymer he flocculant - kahi mea e hoʻopili ai me nā mea paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka wai e hana ai i nā puʻupuʻu i kapa ʻia he floc. Maikaʻi loa kēia i nā kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, no laila hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā polymers e hiki ai i ka flocculation, hiki ke wehe maʻalahi i nā mea paʻa. Eia nō naʻe, i mea e loaʻa ai nā hopena maikaʻi loa mai kēia kaʻina hana, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā polymer flocculants me nā coagulants.
Lawe nā Coagulants i ke kaʻina hana flocculation i kahi pae aʻe, e hōʻiliʻili i nā flocs e hana i kahi papa mānoanoa o ka ʻōpala i hiki ke wehe ʻia a mālama hou ʻia. Hiki i ka polymer flocculation ke hana ma mua o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā coagulants a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻolalelale i ke kaʻina hana electrocoagulation. No ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pono a me nā hemahema o ka electrocoagulation, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā flocculants polymer e hoʻokō i ke kaʻina hana he manaʻo hoihoi ia no nā luna hale.

Nā ʻano like ʻole o nā polymers mālama wai
Hiki ke hana i ka wai polymer ma nā ʻano like ʻole ma muli o ke ʻano o ka monomer i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ke kaulahao polymer. Hāʻule nā ​​​​polymers i ʻelua mau ʻāpana ākea. He cationic a me ka anionic, e pili ana i nā koina pili o nā kaulahao mole.

Nā polimer Anionic i ka mālama wai
Hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia nā polymers anionic. ʻO kēia ka mea kūpono loa ia no ka flocculating inorganic solids, e like me ka pālolo, ka lepo a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano ʻano lepo ʻē aʻe, mai nā hopena ʻōpala. ʻO ka wai ʻōpala mai nā papahana ʻeli a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻoihana koʻikoʻi i waiwai i kēia ʻike paʻa, no laila hiki ke hoʻohana pono nā polymers anionic i ia mau noi.

ʻO nā polymers cationic i ka mālama wai
Ma ke ʻano o kona hoʻoili pili, ʻo ka polymer cationic ka mea kūʻē i kahi polymer anionic no ka mea he uku maikaʻi kona. ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi o nā polymers cationic e kūpono iā lākou no ka wehe ʻana i nā mea paʻa mai nā wai hoʻonā a i ʻole nā ​​hui. Ma muli o ka nui o nā mea olaola i loko o nā paipu hoʻoheheʻe kīwila, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā polymers cationic i nā mea kanu hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūloko, ʻoiai ke hoʻohana pū nei nā keʻena mahiʻai a me nā meaʻai i kēia mau polymers.

ʻO nā polymers cationic maʻamau ka:
Polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, polyamine, polyacrylic acid/sodium polyacrylate, cationic polyacrylamide, etc.